亞洲醫療護理:走在成長浪頭上,蓄勢待發!

為應對新冠肺炎疫情,全球醫療體系正承受著巨大壓力,然而,危機可能就是轉機。疫情已演變為全球大流行,不僅突顯各國因應災害與醫療體系承載力方面存在缺口,更將觸發各國增加對醫療基礎設施及研究開支。同樣的,在高科技的支持下,醫療健康相關的科技創新公司,也醞釀著極大的投資機會。

亞洲深具競爭優勢

醫療護理產業大致概分四類:1)醫療護理服務及設施(醫院、社區醫院、管理式醫療);2)製藥公司(製藥及生物科技);3)醫療儀器、設備與醫院用品製造商;以及4)醫療相關產品分銷商。

瀚亞投資駐上海的研究團隊指出,在支持全球醫療護理供應鏈復甦方面,中國具有關鍵的作用。中國的產能穩健性備受肯定,不僅是在製造層面,在委託研發服務等領域亦獲得認可。

其中,中國在低端原料藥(API)市場雄踞一方,而高端API則主要在歐洲、美國及印度生產。儘管如此,高端API的生產已在過去十年逐步轉移至中國,這項趨勢在疫情爆發後更加速發展。疫情爆發期間,中國增強在疫苗及創新藥物方面的醫學研究與開發。目前,中國在新冠肺炎疫苗臨床測試方面處於領先地位。此外,由於後疫情期間的費用控制更加嚴格,我們預期行業將出現結構性進展,藥物的更換週期亦將更加頻繁,製藥業將加速創新。

瀚亞投資馬來西亞研究部主管Lilian See表示,馬來西亞是全球規模最大的醫用手套(丁腈NBR和乳膠兩種)製造商之一,占有全球市場65%的市占率。在後疫情期間,其他國家可能會加快產能擴張,以確保能自給自足。儘管如此,馬來西亞手套生產商在技術方面仍具領先地位,而且擁有更高效的生產線。馬來西亞在醫療儀器方面亦占有優勢,包括半導體、金屬沖壓及塑料工業的強大系統,使馬來西亞成為製造醫療儀器(例如導管、注射器、針頭及X光射線設備)的零件與組件採購中心。

瀚亞投資台灣股票及研究團隊的葉彥廷表示,台灣的口罩製造商迅速提高產量,以滿足突然激增的需求,展現出良好的發展實力,也因為全球品牌均致力分散其生產廠房,並減少對單一來源的依賴,認為台灣的API製造商亦可受惠於這種多元化趨勢。

疫情危機變轉機  刺激投資增長

根據瀚亞投資(印尼)資料顯示,印尼在床位容量與醫務人員方面的投資不足,因此,這類醫院基礎設施將是成為未來主要增長動力。此外,當地若干上市企業計劃提高API的產能,從而使API進口由目前的90%減至2023年的65%。

同樣地,市場急需生產治療新冠肺炎的疫苗及藥物,將使製藥業受惠,同時亦將增加對防疫的投資,生產非專利藥的藥廠生產商亦將受惠,如部份印度製藥公司可望從中受惠。例如,美國食品及藥物管理局現正加快對一項用以治療哮喘的吸入藥劑的非專利藥審批程序,以應對新冠肺炎疫情的挑戰2

此外,值得注意的是,投資機會並非只限於醫療護理領域。例如,橡膠製造商將受惠於手套需求上升。市場對鋼材的需求亦將增加,原因在於鋼材被廣泛用於製造各種醫療組件(例如醫療沖壓零件、線材產品和醫用刀片)的原材料之一。同樣,塑膠也是各種醫療用品及醫療儀器使用的主要零件原材料。

數位化醫療護理將是另一個可能激增的投資領域,透過整合資訊與通訊技術,可提升醫療護理體系的效率,並降低醫療成本。

健康科技創新,引領亞洲醫療護理服務轉型

根據國際數據公司(International Data Corporation)的報告顯示,亞太區的醫療資訊科技開支預計將由2019年的122億美元增至2022年的149億美元,平均複合增長率為7%,主要由軟體及資訊科技服務所帶動3。其中,以中國的開支最多,其次是新加坡及澳洲。

科技產業優勢對於醫療護理整體行業至關重要。例如,醫院利用無人機運送藥物,使護士有更多時間專心照顧患者。病歷數位化亦可減輕管理層的行政負擔,並提高整體生產力。

穿戴式醫療裝置是另一個持續強力成長的領域。隨著文明病(例如糖尿病)逐年上升,需要定期監測健康狀況。這些裝置可追蹤臨床數據,使醫療護理供應商與患者保持聯繫並及時採取措施。綜觀穿戴式醫療裝置市場,預期亞太區2020年至2030年期間將成為成長率最高的地區4

自疫情爆發以來,線上醫療平台亦加速增長(見圖1)。遠距醫療日益普及,首先,醫生可遠距離醫治患者,即使在偏遠地區亦可獲得醫療護理。其次,可方便患者求診,尤其是在疫情封鎖期間。第三,在醫療需求激增期間,可優化資源分配,減少對醫療體系造成的壓力。

隨著5G網絡面世,在未來數年,對數位化醫療護理的支援將增加。未來的醫療護理不僅重視服務的便利性及可負擔性,同時將關注預測性和預防性的服務模式,包括印度、中國及新加坡已成為主要的健康科技創新中心5

圖1:亞太區遠距醫療日漸普及
graph1


未來的市場面貌

基於亞洲醫療護理市場的規模及增長潛力,以及科技創新所帶來的龐大力量,越來越多大型科技公司有意分一杯羹,與醫療護理公司建立夥伴合作關係及直接投資(見圖2)。包括蘋果公司(Apple)、亞馬遜(Amazon)及谷歌(Google)已開始涉足醫療護理領域,能夠提供「端對端(End to End)」醫療方案,為每位客戶提供周全服務,以滿足其全部需求的公司,將可獲得更多市場占有率。

2:大型科技公司增加對醫療護理的投資

graph2
然而,遠距醫療的發展必須配合嚴謹、一致性及積極預防的監管措施,以保障患者的利益。醫療責任仍處於灰色地帶,縱然擁有資源及技術知識以創建醫療護理工具,但大型科技公司是否願意承擔因預測裝置故障及提供錯誤建議而可能產生的醫療責任?必須建立清晰明確的框架,以解決這些問題。

將科技融入醫療護理服務,無疑將有助提升整體素質。但由於亞太區各個國家/地區的情況各異,若要成功,健康科技創新公司必須能夠提供差異化的技術及一站式的客制化方案,以吸引不同市場的客戶,才能脫穎而出。

不容忽視的亞洲優勢

即使各國陸續放寬封鎖措施,但人們的行為可能已徹底改變,轉移至雲端、數位化和自動化方案不但有助提高生產力,亦帶來新產品和服務。未來十年,投資人必須投資於這些技術趨勢,儘管科技業面對多變的競爭和監管環境,令投資人需要審慎挑選,但鑒於亞洲多個應用領域具備優勢和增長潛力,投資人絕不容忽視這個市場。

Sources:
1 Quadria Capital : Shaping Asia’s healthcare for tomorrow, Sep 2018
2 https://www.cnbctv18.com/market/covid-19-side-effect-key-indian-pharma-shares-hit-52-week-highs-5680001.htm
3 Healthcare IT spending forecast and trends by IDC – May 2019
4 https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/04/13/2014947/0/en/Wearable-Medical-Devices-Market-to-Generate-67-2-Billion-Revenue-by-2030-P-S-Intelligence.html
5 Asia HealthTech Investment Landscape 2018 Report, Galen Growth Asia, January 2019 
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