【2022投資展望】回歸「正常化」後的投資關鍵

2022年將被稱作「正常化」的一年,就像2004年和2010年一樣,貨幣政策和財政政策對全球經濟成長的支撐力度開始減弱。經過兩年非常寬鬆的經濟復甦振興措施後,政策制定者預計將縮緊政策立場,但自從2021年初開始,全球強勁復甦態勢已經放緩,各經濟區域之間的復甦不平衡。綜合全球經濟現況,中美經濟成長放緩、Omicron新型變種病毒的出現、全球供應鏈遭遇瓶頸,仍持續對全球的經濟成長和通貨膨脹帶來挑戰。

由於中國對全球經濟有重大影響力,中國近期的經濟放緩受到投資人的密切關注。隨著中國政府宣布以「共同富裕」作為經濟目標,中國的醫療保健、消費及資訊科技業可能會受到重大影響。而中國以外的其他依靠出口大量天然資源和跨境資本流動的亞洲國家,在出口和成長方面也會因此受到拖累。

儘管中國的經濟成長放緩,或多或少對亞洲其他地區造成一些影響,不過新冠肺炎疫情促使各國推進數位轉型、提升製造能力並轉向永續投資,將為該地區提供大量投資機會。如果投資人忽視亞洲各國下一階段的經濟動力擴張,那將很可能低估亞洲的價值,錯失投資良機。

氣候變遷導致世界各地天災不斷,我們對永續發展的關注不應該只侷限於「為何」需要責任投資,而是應轉向討論「如何」進行責任投資。我們相信,隨著企業陸續朝永續發展的商業模式靠攏,更多的投資機會將浮上檯面;主要利益關係人加速ESG發展的趨勢,也讓綠色投資的未來指日可待。

此外,地區人口結構變化、數位轉型和自動化生產等未來發展趨勢,也會影響企業的營運方式,提供我們新的投資選擇。

在上述背景下,我們持續看好股票,相信會在服務業帶動下迎來新一輪經濟成長。美國方面,由於較高的通膨,我們會以戰術性策略針對通膨的擔憂和高於市價的估值靈活調整;新興市場方面,將密切關注中美科技戰的進展,包含持續更新中國資訊科技業在過去六到九個月所面臨挑戰的進展。

債券方面,鑒於亞洲的通膨幅度穩定,我們對升息的擔憂較輕。除了亞洲當地貨幣政府債券之間,基於不同的利率前景和債券動態提供的機會外,全球市場對於收益率的追求,也會讓亞洲固定收益市場持續受益。

風險方面,能源產業和通膨的未來發展是我們主要關注的兩大議題。能源產業部分,冬季氣候的不確定因素、反聖嬰現象導致冬季天氣異常寒冷、再加上當今供應鏈脆弱讓全球能源供需的緊張局勢蔓延,能源危機很可能持續。而通膨部分,我們則相當關注各國政府是否會因為市場錯誤的通膨恐懼而出現政策失誤。

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